Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have self-renewal activity and multipotency. Clonal analysis and determination of HSC differentiation potential into platelets and erythrocytes as well as leukocytes are essential for the study of self-renewal and lineage commitment in HSC. However, due to technical limitations, platelet and erythrocyte differentiation potentials have not been assessed. This chapter describes principles and methods for single-cell sorting, single-cell transplantation, and identification and quantitative analysis of cell contribution to platelets and erythrocytes in addition to leukocytes in mouse chimeras.