1 From the Cardio-Pulmonary Department, Pulmonary Divison, Heart Institute (Incor), University of São Paulo, and Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil (E.L.V.C.); and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (M.F.V.M.).