The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has clearly increased in recent years. It is likely to be correlated with the aging population and with the growing association with vascular diseases. In Italy, there are different registers of dialysis and transplantation, providing an excellent means of monitoring patients in substitution treatment. On the contrary, few material is in our possession regarding CKD patients on conservative therapy. Therefore it lacks a necessary mean to implement mechanisms of prevention and programming for a disease that increasingly shows significant social - health consequences.