Viral regulators of complement activation: structure, function and evolution

Hina Ojha; Hemendra Singh Panwar; Ronald D Gorham Jr; Dimitrios Morikis; Arvind Sahu

doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.06.004

Viral regulators of complement activation: structure, function and evolution

Mol Immunol. 2014 Oct;61(2):89-99. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jun 27.

Authors

Hina Ojha¹, Hemendra Singh Panwar¹, Ronald D Gorham Jr², Dimitrios Morikis³, Arvind Sahu⁴

Affiliations

¹ National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
² Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
³ Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Electronic address: dmorikis@ucr.edu.
⁴ National Centre for Cell Science, Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India. Electronic address: arvindsahu@nccs.res.in.

PMID: 24976595
DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.06.004

Abstract

The complement system surveillance in the host is effective in controlling viral propagation. Consequently, to subvert this effector mechanism, viruses have developed a series of adaptations. One among these is encoding mimics of host regulators of complement activation (RCA) which help viruses to avoid being labeled as 'foreign' and protect them from complement-mediated neutralization and complement-enhanced antiviral adaptive immunity. In this review, we provide an overview on the structure, function and evolution of viral RCA proteins.

Keywords: Complement regulation; Herpesvirus; Immune evasion; Poxvirus; RCA; Viral evolution..

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Biological Evolution
Complement Activation / immunology*
Complement System Proteins / physiology*
Humans
Protein Binding
Viral Proteins / chemistry
Viral Proteins / immunology*
Viral Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

Viral Proteins
Complement System Proteins