Acyclovir-Induced Neurotoxicity: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Am J Ther. 2016 May-Jun;23(3):e941-3. doi: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000093.

Abstract

Neurotoxicity can develop as a side effect of intravenous acyclovir use in patients with renal impairment. It is underreported in clinical practice and often confused with worsening herpes encephalitis. We present a 69-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis with acyclovir neurotoxicity treated with daily extended hemodialysis sessions. Daily hemodialysis for extended period may shorten the neurotoxicity period and can help with faster return to normal mentation. A high index of suspicion is warranted to diagnose acyclovir-induced neurotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acyclovir / adverse effects*
  • Aged
  • Antiviral Agents / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy
  • Neurotoxicity Syndromes / etiology*
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Acyclovir