Effects of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest on the blood brain barrier in a cardiopulmonary bypass model--a pilot study

Heart Lung Circ. 2014 Oct;23(10):981-4. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.04.131. Epub 2014 May 23.

Abstract

Background: Neurologic injury is common after cardiac surgery and disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) has been proposed as a contributing factor. We sought to study BBB characteristics in a rodent model of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA).

Methods: Adult rats were subjected to CPB/DHCA or to sham surgery. Analysis included Western blotting of relevant BBB proteins in addition to in vivo brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a clinically used low-molecular contrast agent.

Results: While quantitative analysis of BBB proteins revealed similar expression levels, MRI showed evidence of BBB disruption after CPB/DHCA compared to sham surgery.

Conclusions: Combining molecular BBB analysis and MRI technology in a rodent model is a highly translatable approach to study adverse neurologic outcomes following CPB/DHCA.

Keywords: Blood brain barrier; Cardiac surgery; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; Neurologic injury.

MeSH terms

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism*
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / physiopathology
  • Cardiopulmonary Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced / adverse effects*
  • Claudin-5 / metabolism
  • Contrast Media
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Male
  • Models, Animal
  • Occludin / metabolism
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Pilot Projects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
  • Claudin-5
  • Contrast Media
  • Occludin
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • gadobutrol