Chromium resistance of dandelion (Taraxacum platypecidum Diels.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [Linn.] Pers.) is enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhiza in Cr(VI)-contaminated soils

Environ Toxicol Chem. 2014 Sep;33(9):2105-13. doi: 10.1002/etc.2661. Epub 2014 Aug 5.

Abstract

In a greenhouse pot experiment, dandelion (Taraxacum platypecidum Diels.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon[Linn.] Pers.), inoculated with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis, were grown in chromium (Cr)-amended soils (0 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg Cr[VI]) to test whether arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can improve Cr tolerance in different plant species. The experimental results indicated that the dry weights of both plant species were dramatically increased by AM symbiosis. Mycorrhizal colonization increased plant P concentrations and decreased Cr concentrations and Cr translocation from roots to shoots for dandelion; in contrast, mycorrhizal colonization decreased plant Cr concentrations without improvement of P nutrition in bermudagrass. Chromium speciation analysis revealed that AM symbiosis potentially altered Cr species and bioavailability in the rhizosphere. The study confirmed the protective effects of AMF on host plants under Cr contaminations.

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza; Bioavailability; Chromium; Metal toxicity; Soil contamination.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biological Availability
  • Chromium / analysis
  • Chromium / metabolism*
  • Cynodon / drug effects*
  • Cynodon / microbiology
  • Cynodon / physiology
  • Mycorrhizae / drug effects*
  • Mycorrhizae / physiology*
  • Plant Roots / drug effects
  • Plant Roots / microbiology
  • Plant Roots / physiology
  • Soil / chemistry
  • Soil Pollutants / analysis
  • Soil Pollutants / metabolism*
  • Symbiosis
  • Taraxacum / drug effects*
  • Taraxacum / microbiology
  • Taraxacum / physiology

Substances

  • Soil
  • Soil Pollutants
  • Chromium
  • chromium hexavalent ion