Differences in visible light-induced pigmentation according to wavelengths: a clinical and histological study in comparison with UVB exposure

Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2014 Sep;27(5):822-6. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12273. Epub 2014 Jul 25.

Abstract

The visible light spectrum is wide, and it can be hypothesized that all the wavelengths between 400-700 nm do not induce the same photobiological effects on pigmentation. We assessed the potential pro-pigmenting effects of two single wavelengths located at both extremities of the visible spectrum: the blue/violet line (λ = 415 nm) and the red line (λ = 630 nm). We made colorimetric, clinical, and histological assessments with increasing doses of those lights on healthy volunteers. Then, we compared these irradiations to non-exposed and UVB-exposed skin. Colorimetric and clinical assessments showed a clear dose effect with the 415-nm irradiation, in both skin type III and IV subjects, whereas the 630 nm did not induce hyperpigmentation. When compared to UVB irradiation, the blue-violet light induced a significantly more pronounced hyperpigmentation that lasted up to 3 months. Histological examination showed a significant increase of keratinocyte necrosis and p53 with UVB, as compared to 415- and 630-nm exposures.

Keywords: UVB; melanogenesis; p53; pigmentation; visible light.

MeSH terms

  • Colorimetry
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans
  • Hyperpigmentation / pathology
  • Keratinocytes / cytology
  • Light
  • Melanocytes / cytology*
  • Necrosis
  • Pigmentation / physiology*
  • Skin / radiation effects*
  • Skin Pigmentation / physiology*
  • Sunscreening Agents
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • Ultraviolet Rays*

Substances

  • Sunscreening Agents
  • TP53 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53