Experimental and Monte Carlo dosimetric characterization of a 1 cm (103)Pd brachytherapy source

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the in-air azimuthal anisotropy and in-water dose distribution for the 1 cm length of a new elongated (103)Pd brachytherapy source through both experimental measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Measured and MC-calculated dose distributions were used to determine the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group No. 43 (TG-43) dosimetry parameters for this source.

Methods and materials: The in-air azimuthal anisotropy of the source was measured with a NaI scintillation detector and was simulated with the MCNP5 radiation transport code. Measured and MC results were normalized to their respective mean values and then compared. The source dose distribution was determined from measurements with LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) microcubes and MC simulations. TG-43 dosimetry parameters for the source, including the dose-rate constant, Λ, two-dimensional anisotropy function, F(r, θ), and line-source radial dose function, gL(r), were determined from the TLD measurements and MC simulations.

Results: NaI scintillation detector measurements and MC simulations of the in-air azimuthal anisotropy of the source showed that ≥95% of the normalized values for each source were within 1.2% of the mean value. TLD measurements and MC simulations of Λ, F(r, θ), and gL(r) agreed to within the associated uncertainties.

Conclusions: This new (103)Pd source exhibits a high level of azimuthal symmetry as indicated by the measured and MC-calculated results for the in-air azimuthal anisotropy. TG-43 dosimetry parameters for the source were determined through TLD measurements and MC simulations.

Keywords: (103)Pd; Brachytherapy; CS10; CivaString; Dosimetry characterization.