Digital breast tomosynthesis of gynecomastia and associated findings-a pictorial review

Abstract

Men referred for breast imaging most frequently present with a unilateral palpated breast lump or breast enlargement. In the vast majority of these cases, the cause is benign and the most common etiology is gynecomastia. This pictorial review illustrates the appearance by full field digital mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis of gynecomastia as well as additional findings in the male breast including sternalis muscle and hypertrophied pectoralis muscle, lipoma, intramammary lymph node, fat necrosis, breast cancer, and atypical ductal hyperplasia.

Keywords: Breast; Digital breast tomosynthesis; Gynecomastia; Male; Mammography.