The high pressure behavior of TaON was studied using a combination of Raman scattering, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in diamond anvil cells to 70 GPa at ambient temperature. A Birch-Murnaghan equation of state fit for baddeleyite structured β-TaON indicates a high bulk modulus value Ko = 328 ± 4 GPa with K = 4.3. EXAFS analysis of the high pressure XAS data provides additional information on changes in the Ta-(O,N) and Ta-Ta distances. Changes in the X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectra indicate onset of a pressure induced phase transition near 33 GPa. Our analysis indicates that the new phase has an orthorhombic cotunnite-type structure but that the phase transition may not be complete even by 70 GPa. Similar sluggish transformation kinetics are observed for the isostructural ZrO2 phase. Analysis of compressibility data for the new cotunnite-type TaON phase indicate a very high bulk modulus Ko ∼ 370 GPa, close to the theoretically predicted value.