Protective effect of salidroside on cardiac apoptosis in mice with chronic intermittent hypoxia

Int J Cardiol. 2014 Jul 1;174(3):565-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.132. Epub 2014 Apr 21.

Abstract

Background: The goal of this study is to determine if salidroside has protective effects on hypoxia-induced cardiac widely dispersed apoptosis in mice with severe sleep apnea model.

Methods: Sixty-four C57BL/6J mice 5-6 months of age were divided into four groups, i.e. Control group (21% O2, 24h per day, 8 weeks, n=16); Hypoxia group (Hypoxia: 7% O2 60s, 20% O2 alternating 60s, 8h per day, 8 weeks, n=16); and Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S 30 groups (Hypoxia for 1st 4 weeks, hypoxia pretreated 10mg/kg and 30 mg/kg salidroside by oral gavage per day for 2nd 4 weeks, n=16 and 16). The excised hearts from four groups were measured by the heart weight index, H&E staining, TUNEL-positive assays and Western blotting.

Results: TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells in mice heart were less in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 than those in the Hypoxia group. Compared with Hypoxia, the protein levels of Fas ligand, Fas death receptors, Fas-Associated Death Domain (FADD), activated caspase 8, and activated caspase 3 (Fas pathways) were decreased in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30. In the mitochondria pathway, the protein levels of BcLx, Bcl2, and Bid (anti-apoptotic Bcl2 family) in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 were more than those in Hypoxia. The protein levels of Bax, t-Bid, activated caspase 9, and activated caspase 3 were less in Hypoxia+S10 and Hypoxia+S30 than those in hypoxia.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that salidroside has protective effects on chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways in mice hearts.

Keywords: Apoptotic; Caspase; Heart; Hypoxia; Low oxygen; Salidroside.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Cardiotonic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Chronic Disease
  • Glucosides / pharmacology*
  • Glucosides / therapeutic use
  • Heart / drug effects*
  • Hypoxia / drug therapy*
  • Hypoxia / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mitochondria, Heart / drug effects
  • Mitochondria, Heart / pathology
  • Phenols / pharmacology*
  • Phenols / therapeutic use
  • Rhodiola*

Substances

  • Cardiotonic Agents
  • Glucosides
  • Phenols
  • rhodioloside