Phenotype characteristics of patients with colonic serrated polyposis syndrome: a study of 23 cases

Abstract

Introduction: Serrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is a rare entity characterized by the presence of multiple hyperplastic polyps in the colon and an increased risk of presentation and development of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and phenotypical characteristics of patients that present one of the 3 WHO criteria for the diagnosis of SPS diagnosed and treated a tour hospital.

Patients and methods: Patients with the diagnosis of SPS during 2005-2012 were revised; 24.208 colonoscopies were performed during this period. Age, sex, family history of CRC (APC/MYH), proximal/mixed/distal phenotype, indication for colonoscopy, number, size, location of the hyperplastic polyps, presence of mixed/adenomatous polyps, CRCI, follow-up and endoscopio/surgical treatment.

Results: A total of 23 cases were included (19 male). The median age was 51. A total of 34% had a prior family history of CRC or polpyps. Distal phenotype was more frequent (48%). Another 73% presented synchronous adenomatous polyps, and 26% a CRC. A total of 57% were asymptomatic. Surgery was performed in 9 cases (6 for cancer and 3 for polyposis), and 14 were treated by polypectomy and observation. Eleven patients (47%) presented recurrent/persistent lesions after initial surgical/endoscopic treatment.

Conclusion: SPS is an heterogeneous syndrome that is variable in the type, size, distribution and number of polyps, and is more common in male smokers with a distal phenotype. The majority of patients also present synchronous adenomatous polyps. These patients require an organized multidisciplinary evaluation.

Keywords: Fenotipo; Hyperplastic polyps; Phenotype; Polipos hiperplásicos; Poliposis serrada; Serrated polyposis; Serrated polyposis syndrome; Síndrome de poliposis serrada.