Objectives: To assess the predictive value of the combination of ultrasound scanning, yolk sacs and CA125 levels for pregnancy outcomes in early threatened abortion.
Materials and methods: A total 196 pregnant women at less than 12 weeks gestation were enrolled. They were assigned into: (A) normal pregnancy (n = 61); (B) early threatened abortion but with favorable outcomes after active treatment (n = 56); (C) pregnancy with spontaneous miscarriage and threatened abortions (n = 79). The yolk sacs were examined and serum CA125 levels were measured.
Results: The visualization rate in groups A and B were significantly higher than that in group C. For the mean yolk sac diameter, there was a statistically significant difference between groups A and C (p < 0.05), B and C (p < 0.05), but no statistically significant differences were observed between A and B (p > 0.05). The mean serum CA125 levels were significantly different (p < 0.05) among three groups. The sensitivity, specificity, and Youden Index for predicting adverse outcomes using irregular shape, abnormal size, or non-visualization of the yolk sac were 81.01%, 85.71%, and 0.67, respectively.
Conclusion: The combination of ultrasound scanning of yolk sacs and measurement of serum CA125 levels is of great value for predicting pregnancy outcomes.