Natural melanin: a potential pH-responsive drug release device

Int J Pharm. 2014 Jul 20;469(1):140-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.04.051. Epub 2014 Apr 23.

Abstract

This work proposes melanin as a new nanocarrier for pH-responsive drug release. Melanin is an abundant natural polymer that can be easily extracted from cuttlefish as nanoparticles with a suitable size range for drug delivery. However, despite its high potentiality, the application of this biopolymer in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields is yet to be explored. Herein, melanin nanoparticles were impregnated with metronidazole, chosen as model antibiotic drug, using supercritical carbon dioxide. The drug release profile was investigated at acidic and physiologic pH, and the dominant mechanism was found to follow a non-Fickian transport. Drug release from melanin shows a strong pH dependency, which allied to its biocompatibility and lack of cytotoxicity envisages its potential application as nanocarrier in formulations for colon and intestine targeted drug delivery.

Keywords: Biocompatibility; Melanin; Nanocarrier; Supercritical carbon dioxide; pH-responsive drug release.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacteria / drug effects
  • Bacteria / growth & development
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
  • Drug Carriers*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Melanins / chemistry*
  • Melanins / toxicity
  • Metronidazole / chemistry*
  • Metronidazole / pharmacology
  • Models, Chemical
  • Nanoparticles
  • Particle Size
  • Solubility
  • Technology, Pharmaceutical / methods

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Drug Carriers
  • Melanins
  • Metronidazole