Myocardial recovery and the failing heart: medical, device and mechanical methods

Abstract

Background: Cardiac remodeling describes the molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that cause the ventricle to develop pathologic geometry as heart failure progresses. Reverse remodeling, or the healing of a failing heart, leads to improved mortality and quality of life.

Findings: Therapies that lead to reverse remodeling include medications such as β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; cardiac resynchronization therapy with biventricular pacing; and mechanical support with left ventricular assist devices.

Conclusions: Further study is needed to better predict which patients will benefit most from these therapies and will then go on to experience reverse remodeling and myocardial recovery.

Keywords: cardiac remodeling; congestive heart failure; left ventricular dysfunction; myocardial recovery; reverse remodeling; ventricular assist devices.