Online coupling of in-tube solid-phase microextraction with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry for rapid determination of triazine herbicides in water using carbon-nanotubes-incorporated polymer monolith

Anal Chem. 2014 May 20;86(10):4739-47. doi: 10.1021/ac500382x. Epub 2014 Apr 29.

Abstract

Online coupling of in-tube solid phase microextraction (IT-SPME) with direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) was realized for the first time and applied in the analysis of triazine herbicides in lake water and orange juice. We incorporated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) into a polymer monolith containing methacrylic acid (MAA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) to form a novel poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate-co-single wall carbon nanotubes) (poly(MAA-EDMA-SWNT)) monolith, which was then used in IT-SPME for enrichment of six triazine herbicides from water samples. With the online combination of IT-SPME with DART-MS, the analytes desorbed from the monolith were directly ionized by DART and transferred into MS for detection, thus rapid determination was achieved. Compared with regular DART-MS method, this online IT-SPME-DART-MS method was more sensitive and reproducible, because of the IT-SPME procedures and the isotope-labeled internal standard used in the experiment. Six triazine herbicides were determined simultaneously using this method with good linearity (R(2) > 0.998). The limit of quantification (signal-to-noise ratio of S/N = 10) of the six herbicides were only 0.06-0.46 ng/mL. The proposed method has been applied to determine triazine herbicides in lake water and orange juice, showing satisfactory recovery (85%-106%) and reproducibility (relative standard deviation of RSD = 3.1%-10.9%).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Herbicides / analysis*
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Pesticide Residues / analysis*
  • Polymers
  • Solid Phase Microextraction
  • Triazines / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*
  • Water Supply / analysis*

Substances

  • Herbicides
  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Pesticide Residues
  • Polymers
  • Triazines
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical