Preparation, structure, and digestibility of crystalline A- and B-type aggregates from debranched waxy starches

Carbohydr Polym. 2014 May 25:105:341-50. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.075. Epub 2014 Jan 31.

Abstract

Highly crystalline A- and B-type aggregates were prepared from short linear α-1,4 glucans generated from completely debranched waxy maize and waxy potato starches by manipulating the chain length and crystallization conditions including starch solids concentration and crystallization temperature. The A-type crystalline products were more resistant to enzyme digestion than the B-type crystalline products, and the digestibility of the A- and B-type allomorphs was not correlated with the size of the aggregates formed. Annealing increased the peak melting temperature of the B-type crystallites, making it similar to that of the A-type crystallites, but did not improve the enzyme resistance of the B-type crystalline products. The possible reason for these results was due to the compact morphology as well as the denser packing pattern of double helices in A-type crystallites. Our observations counter the fact that most B-type native starches are more enzyme-resistant than A-type native starches. Crystalline type per se does not seem to be the key factor that controls the digestibility of native starch granules; the resistance of native starches with a B-type X-ray diffraction pattern is probably attributed to the other structural features in starch granules.

Keywords: Annealing; Debranching; Digestibility; Short-chain amylose; Starch crystals.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biocatalysis
  • Crystallization
  • Glucans / chemistry*
  • Hydrolysis
  • Particle Size
  • Solanum tuberosum / chemistry*
  • Starch / chemistry*
  • X-Ray Diffraction
  • Zea mays / chemistry*

Substances

  • Glucans
  • Starch