Background and aims: The prevalence of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) has recently increased, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a major diagnostic modality for IPMN. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence rate of iatrogenic pancreatitis in the patients with IPMN and the predictive signs on pre-procedural images and endoscopic procedures.
Patients and methods: At a single center, patients who underwent ERCP between September 2001 and December 2010 were included in this study. The presence of iatrogenic pancreatitis was evaluated and the difference of prevalence in the patients with/without IPMN was determined. Then, a review of cross-sectional images was performed.
Results: The prevalence rate of iatrogenic pancreatitis in the patients with IPMN was 20% and that in the patients with other pancreatic cystic lesions was 14%. Mural nodules on images and filling defects on ERCP were more highly detected in the patients without iatrogenic pancreatitis (p = 0.040 and p = 0.027, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the presence of filling defects correlated with a decreased incidence of iatrogenic pancreatitis (odds ratio = 0.119 and p = 0.047).
Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence rate of ERCP-induced pancreatitis in the patients with IPMN was 21%, and the presence of filling defects was associated with a decreased incidence of iatrogenic pancreatitis.