Introduction: Many recent epidemiological studies have shown the influence of treatment with anti-TNF-α on body mass of patients with psoriasis but there are no reports in the literature on the influence of ustekinumab on that parameter.
Aim: To review the effect of ustekinumab therapy on body weight in patients with psoriasis.
Material and methods: The examined group consisted of 11 patients with psoriasis treated at the Department and Clinic of Dermatology in Olsztyn. Patients' body mass and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated prior to the first administration of the ustekinumab dose and at week 28 of treatment (the day of the fourth dose).
Results: Body mass increase was determined in 7 patients (64%), on average by 2.27 kg (p < 0.05), and the BMI increased by 3.35% (p < 0.1).
Conclusions: Observing a correlation between ustekinumab application and body mass increase, similar to the treatment with anti-TNF-α preparations, an attempt was undertaken at explaining that correlation by analysing the role of IL-12 and IL-23 in psoriasis pathogenesis. IL-12 and IL-23, by influencing the naïve lymphocytes T and stimulating their diversification towards Th1 and Th17, also, indirectly, cause an increase in TNF-α and other cytokines production (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-10, IL-22). Ustekinumab will then have a significant influence on decreasing the production of cytokines, which are important for metabolism and body mass.
Keywords: interleukin 12; interleukin 23; obesity; psoriasis; tumour necrosis factor α; ustekinumab.