Effects of lake warming on behavioural thermoregulatory tactics in a cold-water stenothermic fish

PLoS One. 2014 Mar 24;9(3):e92514. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092514. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Despite some evidence of within-population phenotypic variation in fish thermal behaviour, the occurrence of alternative tactics of this behaviour is rarely explicitly considered when studying natural populations. Brook charr provide an example of within-population variability in behavioural thermoregulation as revealed by a recent study on a lacustrine population of this species. The objectives of the present study were (i) to determine the influence of natural variability in the lake's thermal profiles on the expression of thermoregulatory tactics, and (ii) to determine the vertical and horizontal movements of individuals at different periods of the day to better understand the spatio-temporal behaviour associated with each thermoregulatory tactic. During summer 2010, 30 adult brook charr were equipped with thermo-sensitive radio transmitters to monitor their selected temperatures and daily movements. These individuals exhibited the same four behavioural thermoregulatory tactics observed in 2003 and 2005, but the expression of two of these was weaker in 2010. This result was associated with lake warming, which constrained the expression of two thermoregulatory tactics: brook charr significantly decreased their selected temperatures and daily movements when the mean daily epilimnion temperature was above 22.4°C. This study shows for the first time that the expression of behavioural thermoregulatory tactics is related to the lake's thermal regime and that the tactics are plastic through time.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Behavior, Animal / physiology*
  • Body Temperature Regulation*
  • Cold Temperature*
  • Ecosystem
  • Fishes / physiology*
  • Lakes*
  • Movement

Grants and funding

This research was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Canada Research Chair program to P. Magnan. K. Goyer was supported by post-graduate fellowships from NSERC and the Fonds de recherche du Québec - Nature et technologies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.