Management of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Position paper of the Polish Lipid Expert Forum

Małgorzata Myśliwiec; Mieczysław Walczak; Ewa Małecka-Tendera; Anna Dobrzańska; Barbara Cybulska; Krzysztof Filipiak; Artur Mazur; Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot; Agnieszka Szadkowska; Andrzej Rynkiewicz; Alicja Chybicka; Piotr Socha; Agnieszka Brandt; Joanna Bautembach-Minkowska; Tomasz Zdrojewski; Janusz Limon; Samuel S Gidding; Maciej Banach

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2014.01.001

Management of familial hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Position paper of the Polish Lipid Expert Forum

J Clin Lipidol. 2014 Mar-Apr;8(2):173-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.01.001. Epub 2014 Jan 18.

Authors

Małgorzata Myśliwiec¹, Mieczysław Walczak², Ewa Małecka-Tendera³, Anna Dobrzańska⁴, Barbara Cybulska⁵, Krzysztof Filipiak⁶, Artur Mazur⁷, Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot³, Agnieszka Szadkowska⁸, Andrzej Rynkiewicz⁹, Alicja Chybicka¹⁰, Piotr Socha¹¹, Agnieszka Brandt¹, Joanna Bautembach-Minkowska¹, Tomasz Zdrojewski¹², Janusz Limon¹³, Samuel S Gidding¹⁴, Maciej Banach¹⁵

Affiliations

¹ Faculty and Clinic of Pediatrics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
² Clinic of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Period, Pomerian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
³ Clinic of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical University of Silesia, Silesia, Poland.
⁴ Neonatal Pathology Clinic of Pediatrics at Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
⁵ National Food and Nutrition Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
⁶ First Faculty and Clinic of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
⁷ Medical Faculty at the University in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
⁸ Clinic of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology and Diabetes, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland.
⁹ Clinic of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland.
¹⁰ Faculty and Clinic of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.
¹¹ Clinic of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
¹² Clinic for Prevention and Education, Faculty of Hypertension and Diabetes, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
¹³ Faculty and Clinic of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
¹⁴ Nemours Cardiac Center, A. I. DuPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE.
¹⁵ Faculty of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland. Electronic address: maciejbanach@aol.co.uk.

PMID: 24636176
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2014.01.001

Abstract

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) affects on average 1 in 500 individuals in European countries, and it is estimated that FH in Poland may affect more than 80,000 people. However, in Poland, only about 20% of the population is estimated to have been diagnosed with FH, of which only a small number receive adequate treatment. FH results in more rapid development of atherosclerosis and is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis develops beginning in childhood in patients with FH and reaches advanced stages before clinical manifestations develop. Inadequate diagnostics and treatment of FH in Polish children suggests a need for raising the level of awareness and understanding of the condition in both society and among health professionals. These recommendations present the current epidemiological status, guidelines for diagnosing FH in Polish children and adolescents, and effective treatment options.

Keywords: Adolescents; Cardiovascular disease; Children; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Statins; Therapy.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Anticholesteremic Agents / therapeutic use*
Child
Child, Preschool
Cholesterol, LDL / blood*
Humans
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / blood
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / drug therapy*
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / pathology
Lipid Metabolism*
Poland
Risk Factors

Substances

Anticholesteremic Agents
Cholesterol, LDL