Protective mechanisms of coenzyme-Q10 may involve up-regulation of testicular P-glycoprotein in doxorubicin-induced toxicity

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Mar;37(2):772-81. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.02.010. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

Abstract

The anticancer drug; doxorubicin (DOX), causes testicular toxicity as an adverse effect. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a multidrug resistance efflux transporter expressed in blood-testis barrier, which extrudes DOX from the testis. We investigated whether DOX-induced gonadal injury could be prevented by the use of antioxidant; coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10). The involvement of P-gp expression, as a possible protective mechanism, was also investigated. CoQ10 was administered orally for 8 days, and DOX toxicity was induced via a single i.p. dose of 15 mg/kg at day 4. Concomitant administration of CoQ10 with DOX significantly restored testicular oxidative stress parameters and the distorted histopathological picture, reduced the up-regulation of caspase 3 caused by DOX, and increased P-gp expression. We show for the first time that CoQ10 up-regulates P-gp as a novel mechanism for gonadal protection. In conclusion, CoQ10 protects against DOX-induced testicular toxicity in rats via ameliorating oxidative stress, reducing apoptosis and up-regulating testicular P-gp.

Keywords: Coenzyme-Q10; Doxorubicin; P-glycoprotein; Testicular toxicity.

MeSH terms

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / toxicity*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Body Weight / drug effects
  • Catalase / metabolism
  • Doxorubicin / toxicity*
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Male
  • Malondialdehyde / metabolism
  • Nitrates / metabolism
  • Nitrites / metabolism
  • Organ Size / drug effects
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Testis / drug effects*
  • Testis / metabolism
  • Testis / pathology
  • Ubiquinone / analogs & derivatives*
  • Ubiquinone / pharmacology
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • Nitrates
  • Nitrites
  • Protective Agents
  • Ubiquinone
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Doxorubicin
  • Catalase
  • coenzyme Q10
  • Glutathione