Changes in prevalence of calcaneal spurs in men & women: a random population from a trauma clinic

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 Mar 15:15:87. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-87.

Abstract

Background: This study reports the changing prevalence of ankle (Achilles and plantar) spurs with age, in order to comment on their significance to rheumatologists.

Methods: 1080 lateral ankle radiographs from each of 9 (50 men and 50 women) age cohorts from 2 to 96 years old of patients attending a trauma clinic were examined and spurs classified as small or large.

Results: The prevalence of both Achilles and plantar spurs in relation to the age categories and sex was variable. Overall, there was 38% of the population who had a spur (Achilles or plantar) and only third (11%) with spurs at both sites (Achilles and plantar). Large spurs were more prevalent in older individuals (40 to 79 years). There were no large plantar spurs in individuals <40 years of age and only 2% for the Achilles. The prevalence of spurs (Achilles and plantar) was significantly higher for woman than men in individuals <50 years of age. There was a notable moderate positive correlation (r = 0.71) between both plantar and Achilles spurs for women <30 years of age but no correlation for men (r = -0.03).

Conclusion: Plantar and Achilles spurs are highly prevalent in older people and the radiographic appearance of spurs differs between men and women. In individuals < 50 years of age, spur (Achilles and plantar) formation is more common in women than in men. Additionally, there was a notable moderate positive correlation between Achilles and plantar spurs for women <30 years of age.

MeSH terms

  • Achilles Tendon / diagnostic imaging
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Heel Spur / diagnostic imaging
  • Heel Spur / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Morbidity / trends
  • Prevalence
  • Radiography
  • Sampling Studies
  • Sex Distribution
  • Trauma Centers / statistics & numerical data
  • Wales / epidemiology
  • Young Adult