Anterior nasal resistance in obese children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Laryngoscope. 2014 Nov;124(11):2640-4. doi: 10.1002/lary.24653. Epub 2014 Jul 7.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate nasal resistance in obese children with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), study the correlation between nasal resistance and severity of OSAS using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and examine the association of gender and body mass index (BMI) with this measurement.

Study design: Retrospective analysis.

Methods: Active anterior rhinomanometry was used to determine anterior nasal resistance (aNR) during wakefulness in the supine position during tidal breathing. Thirty obese children with OSAS (aged 13.8 ± 2.6 years, BMI z score 2.6 ± 0.4) and 32 matched obese controls (aged 13.6 ± 2.3 years, BMI z score 2.4 ± 0.4), were studied. Unpaired t tests and Spearman correlation were performed.

Results: The OSAS group had significantly higher aNR than the non-OSAS group during inspiration (P = .012) and expiration (P = .003). A significant correlation between inspiratory aNR and AHI was found for the OSAS group (r = 0.39, P = .04). The aNR did not correlate with BMI z score or with either gender.

Conclusions: We noted a higher aNR in obese children with OSAS as compared to obese controls, and the aNR on inspiration correlated significantly with AHI. These findings suggest that a causal or augmentative effect of high inspiratory aNR may exist for obese children who exhibit OSAS.

Level of evidence: 3b.

Keywords: Active anterior rhinomanometry; obesity; obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Distribution
  • Airway Resistance
  • Body Mass Index
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Nasal Obstruction / diagnosis*
  • Nasal Obstruction / epidemiology*
  • Pediatric Obesity / diagnosis
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Polysomnography / methods
  • Reference Values
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sex Distribution
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / diagnosis*
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / epidemiology*
  • Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / therapy