Thoracic-to-hip circumference ratio as a novel marker of type 2 diabetes, independent of body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio, in Korean adults

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014 May;104(2):273-80. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.12.022. Epub 2014 Feb 7.

Abstract

Aims: We compared upper trunk anthropometric indices with overall and central obesity indicators to predict the presence of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Korean individuals.

Methods: This cross-sectional investigation included 4079 rural and urban participants aged 40-80 years. Neck, thoracic, waist (WC), and hip circumferences were measured by a reliable and standardized method. The neck-to-hip ratio, the thoracic-to-hip ratio (THR), and the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Type 2 diabetes was defined based on the guidelines of the World Health Organization (1999).

Results: The receiver operator characteristic curve analysis indicated that THR and WHR were better than body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric indices at predicting the presence of type 2 diabetes. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) across quartiles of THR were slightly higher than the ORs for WHR, particularly in the highest quartile (odds ratios and 95% CI: 2.11 (1.47-3.04) versus 1.95 (1.37-2.77) in men; 3.40 (2.18-5.31) versus 2.31 (1.48-3.60) in women). The associations of THR and WHR with type 2 diabetes remained significant, despite a slight attenuation after a multivariate adjustment for BMI. The joint effect of BMI and THR on the risk of type 2 diabetes was larger than that of BMI and WHR.

Conclusions: THR may be a novel marker of type 2 diabetes, particularly in women, and its association with diabetes was independent of BMI and WHR.

Keywords: Anthropometric index; Type 2 diabetes; Upper-to-lower ratio.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Odds Ratio
  • ROC Curve
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Waist-Hip Ratio*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose