Adsorption of C.I. Reactive Red 228 and Congo Red dye from aqueous solution by amino-functionalized Fe3O4 particles: kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics

Water Sci Technol. 2014;69(3):612-21. doi: 10.2166/wst.2013.745.

Abstract

A magnetic adsorbent was synthesized by γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) modification of Fe(3)O(4) particles using a two-step process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibration sample magnetometry were used to characterize the obtained magnetic adsorbent. EDS and XPS showed that APTES polymer was successfully introduced onto the as-prepared Fe(3)O(4)/APTES particle surfaces. The saturation magnetization of the magnetic adsorbent was around 65 emu g(-1), which indicated that the dye can be removed fast and efficiently from aqueous solution with an external magnetic field. The maximum adsorption capacities of Fe(3)O(4)/APTES for C.I. Reactive Red 228 (RR 228) and Congo Red (CR) were 51.4 and 118.8 mg g(-1), respectively. The adsorption of C.I. Reactive Red 228 (RR 228) and Congo Red (CR) on Fe(3)O(4)/APTES particles corresponded well to the Langmuir model and the Freundlich model, respectively. The adsorption processes for RR 228 and CR followed the pseudo-second-order model. The Boyd's film-diffusion model showed that film diffusion also played a major role in the studied adsorption processes for both dyes. Thermodynamic study indicated that both of the adsorption processes of the two dyes are spontaneous exothermic.

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates / isolation & purification*
  • Biphenyl Compounds / isolation & purification*
  • Coloring Agents / isolation & purification*
  • Congo Red / isolation & purification*
  • Ferrosoferric Oxide / chemistry*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Propylamines
  • Silanes / chemistry*
  • Thermodynamics
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / isolation & purification*

Substances

  • Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • C.I. Reactive Red 228
  • Coloring Agents
  • Propylamines
  • Silanes
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Congo Red
  • amino-propyl-triethoxysilane
  • Ferrosoferric Oxide