Purpose: This pilot study aimed to investigate the feasibility of two different training programs in patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer undergoing palliative chemotherapy. Potential effects of training programs on the patients' quality of life, physical performance, physical activity in daily living, and biological parameters were exploratorily evaluated.
Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to a resistance (RET) and aerobic exercise training group (AET). Both underwent supervised training sessions twice a week for 12 weeks. RET was performed at 60-80% of the one-repetition maximum and consisted of 2-3 sets of 15-25 repetitions. The AET group performed endurance training at 60-80% of their predetermined pulse rate (for 10 to 30 min).
Results: A total of 26 gastrointestinal cancer patients could be randomized. Twenty-one patients completed the 12 weeks of intervention. The median adherence rate to exercise training of all 26 patients was 65%, while in patients who were able to complete 12 weeks, adherence was 75%. The fatigue score of all patients decreased from 66 to 43 post-intervention. Sleeping duration increased in both groups and muscular strength increased in the RET group. A higher number of steps in daily living was associated with higher levels of physical and social functioning as well as lower scores for pain and fatigue.
Conclusion: RET and AET are feasible in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy. Both training programs seem to improve cancer-related symptoms as well as the patient's physical activities of daily living.