The role of oxidative DNA damage in radiation induced bystander effect

Cancer Lett. 2015 Jan 1;356(1):43-51. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.01.023. Epub 2014 Feb 11.

Abstract

Ionizing radiation (IR) has been described as a double-edged sword, since it is used for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications, and at the same time it is a well known human mutagen and carcinogen, causing wide-ranging chromosomal aberrations. It is nowadays accepted that the detrimental effects of IR are not restricted only in the irradiated cells, but also to non-irradiated bystander or even distant cells manifesting various biological effects. This review presents the role of oxidative stress in the induction of bystander effects referring to the types of the implicated oxidative DNA lesions, the contributing intercellular and intracellular stress mediators, the way they are transmitted from irradiated to bystander cells and finally, the complex role of the bystander effect in the therapeutic efficacy of radiation treatment of cancer.

Keywords: Cancer; DDR response; Oxidative DNA damage; Oxidative stress; Radiation induced bystander effect.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bystander Effect / radiation effects*
  • Chromosome Aberrations / radiation effects
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Cytokines / radiation effects
  • DNA / genetics
  • DNA / radiation effects*
  • DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / radiation effects*
  • DNA Repair
  • Genomic Instability / radiation effects
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Oxidative Stress*
  • Reactive Nitrogen Species / radiation effects
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / radiation effects
  • Signal Transduction / radiation effects

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Reactive Nitrogen Species
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • DNA