Encapsulation in lipid-core nanocapsules overcomes lung cancer cell resistance to tretinoin

Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2014 May;87(1):55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 11.

Abstract

Tretinoin is a retinoid derivative that has an antiproliferative effect on several kinds of tumours. Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cell lines (A549) exhibit a profound resistance to the effects of tretinoin. Nanocarriers seem to be a good alternative to overcomecellular resistance to drugs. The aim of this study was to test whether tretinoin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules exert anantitumor effect on A549 cells. A549 cells were incubated with free tretinoin (TTN), blank nanocapsules (LNC) and tretinoin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (TTN-LNC). Data from evaluation of DNA content and Annexin V binding assay by flow cytometry showed that TTN-LNC induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1-phase while TTN did not. TTN-LNC showed higher cytotoxic effects than TTN on A549 cells evaluated by MTT and LIVE/DEAD cell viability assay. Gene expression profiling identified up-regulated expression of gene p21 by TTN-LNC, supporting the cell cycle arrest effect. These results showed for the first time that TTN-LNC are able to overcome the resistance of adenocarcinoma cell line A549 to treatment with TTN by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, providing support for their use in applications in lung cancer therapy.

Keywords: Antitumor activity; Apoptosis; Nanobiotechnology; Nanocapsules; Tretinoin; p21.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy
  • Adenocarcinoma / metabolism
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Cell Culture Techniques
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Drug Carriers / chemistry*
  • Drug Compounding
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Humans
  • Lipids / chemistry*
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Nanocapsules / chemistry*
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Transcriptome / drug effects
  • Tretinoin / administration & dosage*
  • Tretinoin / pharmacokinetics
  • Tretinoin / pharmacology
  • Tretinoin / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Drug Carriers
  • Lipids
  • Nanocapsules
  • Tretinoin