Thirteen new analogues of flavone-8-acetic acid, that is, compounds 10a-m bearing a methoxy group at the 7-position and diverse subsitiuents on the benzene ring at the 2- and 3-positions of flavone nucleus, were synthesized and evaluated for their direct antiproliferative effects on two human tumor cell lines and for their indirect antiproliferative activities in the transwell co-culture system. The results indicated that most of compounds 10a-m showed moderate direct cytotoxicities. Among them, compound 10i exhibited higher direct cytotoxicity and selectivity for both cell lines over BJ human foreskin fibroblast cells than 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA). Interestingly, compared with DMXAA, compound 10e showed comparable indirect cytotoxicity and higher selectivity. In addition, compound 10e was found to be able to induce tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Keywords: 3-Arylflavone-8-acetic acid; Direct cytotoxicity; Indirect cytotoxicity; Transwell co-culture system; Tumor necrosis factor α.
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