Mass spectrometric identification of ancient proteins as potential molecular biomarkers for a 2000-year-old osteogenic sarcoma

Agnes Bona; Zoltan Papai; Gabor Maasz; Gabor A Toth; Eva Jambor; Janos Schmidt; Csaba Toth; Csilla Farkas; Laszlo Mark

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0087215

Mass spectrometric identification of ancient proteins as potential molecular biomarkers for a 2000-year-old osteogenic sarcoma

PLoS One. 2014 Jan 27;9(1):e87215. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087215. eCollection 2014.

Authors

Agnes Bona¹, Zoltan Papai¹, Gabor Maasz², Gabor A Toth³, Eva Jambor⁴, Janos Schmidt⁵, Csaba Toth⁶, Csilla Farkas⁷, Laszlo Mark²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
² Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; Imaging Center for Life and Material Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; PTE-MTA Human Reproduction Research Group, Pecs, Hungary.
³ Institute of Biology, University of West Hungary, Szombathely, Hungary.
⁴ Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; Imaging Center for Life and Material Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
⁵ Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; Janos Szentagothai Research Center, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary ; Imaging Center for Life and Material Sciences, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
⁶ Department of Pathology, University Teaching Hospital Markusovszky, Szombathely, Hungary.
⁷ Department of Archaeology, Vas County Museums' Directorate, Szombathely, Hungary.

Abstract

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone usually occurring in young adolescent and children. This disease has a poor prognosis, because of the metastases in the period of tumor progression, which are usually developed previous to the clinical diagnosis. In this paper, a 2000-year-old ancient bone remain with osteogenic sarcoma was analyzed searching for tumor biomarkers which are closely related to this disease. After a specific extraction SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis followed by tryptic digestion was performed. After the digestion the samples were measured using MALDI TOF/TOF MS. Healthy bone samples from same archaeological site were used as control samples. Our results show that in the pathological skeletal remain several well known tumor biomarkers are detected such as annexin A10, BCL-2-like protein, calgizzarin, rho GTPase-activating protein 7, HSP beta-6 protein, transferrin and vimentin compared to the control samples. The identified protein biomarkers can be useful in the discovery of malignant bone lesions such as osteosarcoma in the very early stage of the disease from paleoanthropological remains.

Publication types

Historical Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Archaeology
Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
Bone and Bones / metabolism*
Bone and Bones / pathology
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics*
History, Ancient
Humans
Hungary
Mass Spectrometry
Osteosarcoma / genetics
Osteosarcoma / history*
Osteosarcoma / metabolism*

Substances

Biomarkers, Tumor

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the Hungarian National Scientific Research Foundation (OTKA Grant No. K72592, D048294, PD 78599), TIOP 1.3.1-10/1-2010-0008, TIOP 1.3.1-07/1, TÁMOP-4.2.2.A-11/1/KONV-2012-0053, DDEK Kft., SciEx Kft. and PTE AOK KA 2009, 2011 and 2013. This research was supported by the European Union and the State of Hungary, co-financed by the European Social Fund in the framework of TÁMOP-4.2.4.A/2-11/1-2012-0001 ‘National Excellence Program’. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.