Sexual transmission is currently the major route of HIV infection worldwide. Neutralizing antibodies (IgG) have demonstrated their role in the protection from experimental challenge in non-human primate's model. However, these types of antibodies display very specific characteristics and are extremely difficult to induce. Interestingly, antibodies devoid of neutralizing activity have demonstrated additional inhibitory mechanisms dependant of their binding to Fc receptors expressed on antigen presenting cells. These cells may play decisive role at early sexual transmission as they have been proposed to be the first HIV target at the mucosal site. Data from in vivo studies and recent findings following clinical assays demonstrated the importance of these Fc-mediated antibodies dependant mechanism in protection against HIV. Therefore new vaccination strategies including the induction of such type of activities, in addition to neutralizing antibodies, should be developed.
© 2014 médecine/sciences – Inserm.