The title compound, trisodium dicobalt(II) (arsenate/phosphate) (diarsenate/diphosphate), was prepared by a solid-state reaction. It is isostructural with Na3Co2AsO4As2O7. The framework shows the presence of CoX22O12 (X2 is statistically disordered with As0.95P0.05) units formed by sharing corners between Co1O6 octa-hedra and X22O7 groups. These units form layers perpendicular to [010]. Co2O6 octa-hedra and X1O4 (X1 = As0.54P0.46) tetra-hedra form Co2X1O8 chains parallel to [001]. Cohesion between layers and chains is ensured by the X22O7 groups, giving rise to a three-dimensional framework with broad tunnels, running along the a- and c-axis directions, in which the Na(+) ions reside. The two Co(2+) cations, the X1 site and three of the seven O atoms lie on special positions, with site symmetries 2 and m for the Co, m for the X1, and 2 and m (× 2) for the O sites. One of two Na atoms is disordered over three special positions [occupancy ratios 0.877 (10):0.110 (13):0.066 (9)] and the other is in a general position with full occupancy. A comparison between structures such as K2CdP2O7, α-NaTiP2O7 and K2MoO2P2O7 is made. The proposed structural model is supported by charge-distribution (CHARDI) analysis and bond-valence-sum (BVS) calculations. The distortion of the coordination polyhedra is analyzed by means of the effective coordination number.