[Contributions of neuroscience to the learning of numerical abilities]

Rev Neurol. 2014 Jan 16;58(2):69-76.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: Mathematic difficulties are relatively frequent at school. With some frequency they appear associated to other troubles and learning disorders, thus provoking anxiety feelings in children. In case of not intervening on such difficulties their consequences may be extended until adulthood. Despite that, their intervention has not been widely administered, notably in the educational ambit. The main reason is that there is not a unique definition, which makes their detection not easy. However, some of the recent advances in neuroscience could improve this situation.

Aim: To review and summarize the main contributions provided by the neuroimaging techniques to the learning of numerical abilities and their difficulties, and how these techniques could be useful to intervene on the educational practice.

Development: The ample advances of the neuroimaging techniques have allowed us the access to relevant information regarding the brain areas underlying each numerical task at childhood and at adulthood, and that made possible the design of intervention programs addressed to improve children' learning when there are any numerical difficulties. Some of the results obtained after the administration of these programs are positive, but they are not very generalizable yet.

Conclusions: In the future it should be expanded the use of neuroimaging techniques in order to implement the explanation of learning processes and detecting areas that, in case of not being correctly activated, could lead to any mathematic difficulties. Ultimately, research supported by these techniques should assist the development of programs devoted to intervene on mathematics in the educational field.

Title: Aportaciones de la neurociencia al aprendizaje de las habilidades numericas.

Introduccion. Las dificultades en matematicas son relativamente frecuentes en el aula. Pueden aparecer asociadas a otros trastornos y retrasos del desarrollo, provocando sentimientos de ansiedad. En caso de no intervenir sobre ellas, sus efectos pueden prolongarse durante la adultez. A pesar de ello, su intervencion no es frecuente, especialmente desde el ambito educativo, dado que al no existir una definicion unica de ellas, su deteccion en el aula no es facil. Algunos de los ultimos avances en neurociencia podrian mejorar esta situacion. Objetivo. Revisar y recapitular los principales conocimientos aportados por las tecnicas de neuroimagen al campo del aprendizaje de las habilidades numericas, sus dificultades y su intervencion en el ambito educativo. Desarrollo. El gran avance experimentado por las tecnicas de neuroimagen ha permitido conocer informacion importante respecto a las areas cerebrales que subyacen a cada tarea numerica en la infancia y en la edad adulta, lo que a su vez ha posibilitado el diseño de programas de intervencion en las dificultades en el aprendizaje de las matematicas. A pesar de que los resultados obtenidos tras su aplicacion son positivos, todavia no son generalizables. Conclusiones. En el futuro debe extenderse el uso de las tecnicas de neuroimagen en la explicacion del proceso de aprendizaje y deteccion de las areas que, de no activarse correctamente, pueden derivar en trastornos de las matematicas. En ultimo termino, la investigacion con dichas tecnicas debe favorecer el desarrollo de programas aplicados al trabajo de las matematicas en el ambito educativo.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brain Mapping
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dominance, Cerebral
  • Dyscalculia / physiopathology*
  • Dyscalculia / rehabilitation
  • Education, Special / methods
  • Forecasting
  • Frontal Lobe / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Mathematics / education
  • Models, Neurological
  • Neuroimaging*
  • Parietal Lobe / physiopathology