Variability in dentofacial phenotypes in four families with WNT10A mutations

Eur J Hum Genet. 2014 Sep;22(9):1063-70. doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.300. Epub 2014 Jan 8.

Abstract

This article describes the inter- and intra-familial phenotypic variability in four families with WNT10A mutations. Clinical characteristics of the patients range from mild to severe isolated tooth agenesis, over mild symptoms of ectodermal dysplasia, to more severe syndromic forms like odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia (OODD) and Schöpf-Schulz-Passarge syndrome (SSPS). Recurrent WNT10A mutations were identified in all affected family members and the associated symptoms are presented with emphasis on the dentofacial phenotypes obtained with inter alia three-dimensional facial stereophotogrammetry. A comprehensive overview of the literature regarding WNT10A mutations, associated conditions and developmental defects is presented. We conclude that OODD and SSPS should be considered as variable expressions of the same WNT10A genotype. In all affected individuals, a dished-in facial appearance was observed which might be helpful in the clinical setting as a clue to the underlying genetic etiology.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anodontia / diagnosis
  • Anodontia / genetics
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dentofacial Deformities / diagnosis
  • Dentofacial Deformities / genetics*
  • Eccrine Glands / abnormalities
  • Ectodermal Dysplasia / diagnosis
  • Ectodermal Dysplasia / genetics
  • Eyelid Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Eyelid Neoplasms / genetics
  • Female
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Hypotrichosis / diagnosis
  • Hypotrichosis / genetics
  • Keratoderma, Palmoplantar / diagnosis
  • Keratoderma, Palmoplantar / genetics
  • Male
  • Mutation*
  • Pedigree*
  • Phenotype
  • Wnt Proteins / genetics*

Substances

  • WNT10A protein, human
  • Wnt Proteins

Supplementary concepts

  • Schopf-Schulz-Passarge Syndrome