[Pathophysiological models of mixed states]

R Belzeaux; E C Ibrahim; J-M Azorin; E Fakra; M Maurel; D Pringuey; A Kaladjian; D Dassa; N Corréard; E Dubois; J-A Micoulaud-Franchi; M Cermolacce

doi:10.1016/S0013-7006(13)70117-9

[Pathophysiological models of mixed states]

Encephale. 2013 Dec:39 Suppl 3:S167-71. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7006(13)70117-9.

[Article in French]

Authors

R Belzeaux¹, E C Ibrahim², J-M Azorin³, E Fakra³, M Maurel³, D Pringuey⁴, A Kaladjian⁵, D Dassa⁶, N Corréard³, E Dubois³, J-A Micoulaud-Franchi³, M Cermolacce⁶

Affiliations

¹ SHU psychiatrie adultes, Solaris, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France. Electronic address: raoul.belzeaux@ap-hm.fr.
² Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CRN2M, UMR 7286, Marseille, France.
³ SHU psychiatrie adultes, Solaris, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, 13274 Marseille cedex 09, France.
⁴ Clinique de psychiatrie et de psychologie médicale, CHU Pasteur, 06002 Nice cedex, France.
⁵ Pôle de psychiatrie des adultes, CHU Robert-Debré, Avenue du Général-Koenig, 51092 Reims cedex, France.
⁶ Pôle de psychiatrie centre, Hôpital de La Conception, Boulevard Baille, 13006 Marseille, France.

PMID: 24359856
DOI: 10.1016/S0013-7006(13)70117-9

Abstract

Mixed states are complex manifestations of bipolar disorders. Pathophysiology of mixed states remains unclear. Several models have been proposed to understand the mechanisms underlying these mood states. These models describe mixed state either as a combinaison of depression and mania, as well as a transition between mania and depression, or mixed state as a severe type of depression or mania. Pathophysiological hypotheses involve temperaments or some personality disorders, psychiatric comorbidities as well as substance use disorders, or thyroid dysfunction. However, the formal demonstration of any specific genetic vulnerability to mixed state has not yet been provided.

Keywords: Bipolar disorders; Comorbidity; Comorbidité; Temperament; Tempérament; Troubles bipolaires.

Publication types

English Abstract
Review

MeSH terms

Affect / physiology*
Anxiety Disorders / diagnosis
Anxiety Disorders / physiopathology
Anxiety Disorders / psychology
Arousal / physiology*
Bipolar Disorder / diagnosis
Bipolar Disorder / physiopathology*
Bipolar Disorder / psychology
Brain / physiopathology*
Comorbidity
Depressive Disorder, Major / diagnosis
Depressive Disorder, Major / physiopathology*
Depressive Disorder, Major / psychology
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Dopamine / physiology
Humans
Models, Neurological*
Personality Disorders / diagnosis
Personality Disorders / physiopathology
Substance-Related Disorders / diagnosis
Substance-Related Disorders / physiopathology
Substance-Related Disorders / psychology
Suicide / psychology
Suicide Prevention
Temperament
Thyroid Diseases / diagnosis
Thyroid Diseases / physiopathology
Thyroid Diseases / psychology

Substances

Dopamine