Stress at work in migraine patients: differences in attack frequency

Abstract

Introduction: Migraine is a common and prevalent disease that contributes to health expenditure and interferes with quality of life. Our goal was to analyse the level of stress at work in a sample of migraine and its possible association with the chronicity of the process

Material and methods: We applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory, consisting of 22 items grouped into blocks that assess emotional exhaustion (EE), personal accomplishment (PA), depersonalisation at work (DP)] and positive influence (PI), to 94 consecutive subjects recruited in the outpatient clinic. Differences were compared between clinical groups (chronic migraine [CM]: > 15 days/month with headache over a 3-month period vs episodic migraine [EM]: < 15 days/month with headache) using the general linear model adjusted for age and MIDAS score

Results: The mean age was higher in the CM group. Mean MIDAS scores were 51 ± 4.1 in CM, and 17.7 ± 15 in EM (P=.001). Adjusted means for EE were 24.6 ± 2.6 in CM patients, 16.2 ± 2.6 in EM patients, and 13.4 ± 2.3 (P=.03) in the healthy group. MIDAS scale scores were inversely correlated to PA (P<.05) DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that the level of EE at work is higher in EM than in CM patients, while PA levels decrease as impact on the MIDAS scale increases. The Maslach scale is a potentially useful tool for studying migraine impact. Surprisingly, EE is higher in patients with fewer episodes; this tendency could be related to stress adaptation mechanisms present in patients with chronic illness.

Keywords: Burnout; Cefalea crónica; Chronic headache; Estrés; Maslach; Migraine; Migraña; Stress; Trabajo; Work.