Introduction: Several cases of sarcoidosis following treatment with interferon-α have been reported in the literature, but those following interferon-β are very rare. We report the case of a patient with multiple sclerosis who developed pulmonary and cutaneous sarcoidosis following treatment with Betaseron® (interferon-β-1b).
Case presentation: A 33-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of multiple sclerosis, treated with interferon-β-1b for 2.5 years developed erythema nodosum in her lower limbs, a breast abscess, and unilateral adenopathy of her left lung. A skin biopsy confirmed sarcoidosis. After the discontinuation of interferon-β-1b and treatment with indomethacin and prednisolone, she recovered.
Conclusions: Sarcoidosis is considered one of the most common multiple sclerosis imitators with involvement of the central nervous system. However, although rare, sarcoidosis can develop following treatment with interferon-β-1b and should be considered in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with beta-interferons who develop pulmonary or extra-pulmonary manifestations of sarcoidosis. Interferon-β-1b discontinuation is the first and most important step in the treatment of such cases followed by treatment with corticosteroids.