A miniaturized nanobiosensor for choline analysis

Biosens Bioelectron. 2014 Apr 15:54:558-64. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.11.057. Epub 2013 Nov 28.

Abstract

A novel reusable chemiluminescence choline nanobiosensor has been developed using aligned zinc oxide nanorod-films (ZnONR). The chemically fashioned ZnONR were synthesized by hybrid wet chemical route onto glass substrates and used to fabricate a stable chemiluminescent choline biosensor. The biosensor was constructed by co-immobilization of the enzymes choline oxidase and peroxidase. The covalent immobilization of the enzymes on the ZnONR was achieved using 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid as a cross-linker. The phosphonation of the ZnONR imparted significant stability to the immobilized enzyme as against physisorbed enzyme. A lower value of Michaelis-Menten constant (Km), of 0.062 mM for the covalently coupled enzyme over the physisorbed enzymes facilitated enhanced stability of ZnONR nanobiosensor. The ZnONR-choline biosensor has been investigated over a wide range of choline from 0.0005 mM to 2 mM. Importantly, the recovery of choline in milk samples was close to 99%. Using the developed biosensor, choline was measurable even after 30 days with 60 repeated measurements proving the stability of the sensor (Intraday RSD%=2.83 and Interday RSD%=3.51).

Keywords: Chemiluminescence; Choline; Milk; Nanobiosensor; Phosphonation; Zinc oxide nanorod.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alcohol Oxidoreductases / chemistry
  • Alcohol Oxidoreductases / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation*
  • Choline / analysis*
  • Choline / metabolism
  • Enzymes, Immobilized / chemistry
  • Enzymes, Immobilized / metabolism
  • Equipment Design
  • Horseradish Peroxidase / chemistry
  • Horseradish Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Limit of Detection
  • Milk / chemistry*
  • Miniaturization
  • Nanotubes / chemistry*
  • Zinc Oxide / chemistry*

Substances

  • Enzymes, Immobilized
  • Alcohol Oxidoreductases
  • choline oxidase
  • Horseradish Peroxidase
  • Choline
  • Zinc Oxide