Data within a continuing use context (also known as secondary use) can require translation into the variables necessary for project analysis. We have developed and applied a framework in which: Project objectives inform the curation of data elements. Data elements are rendered into system-readable metadata. Metadata are applied to the source data and used to produce data sets. This process distinguishes between data sets and source data. Data sets contain project-specific variables that are structured for analytic activities. This can differ from source data, which may be stored in a structure dictated by the original source system for data collection, or in a data structure contrary to what is desired for analysis. Data elements mediate this translation, and the process of curation refines their definitions and associated attributes. This framework improves analysis workflow through the application of best practices, consistent processes, and centralized decision-making.