The dynamics and periodicity of LPO processes in the nuclei and chromatin were detected during regenerative processes in mouse liver. LPO processes were enhanced in transcriptionally active and replicating chromatin. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, esterified cholesterol, and free fatty acids were maximally oxidized during active transcription, and cardiolipin was oxidized during active replication. These processes were accompanied by periodical changes in activity of antioxidant enzymes. High activity of SOD during transcriptional activity of liver cells was typical for nuclear matrix-attached chromatin, but this parameter decreased during replication. Catalase activity significantly increased in the fractions of high salt chromatin and nuclear matrix-bound chromatin during replication.