Decolourisation of Acid Orange 7 recalcitrant auto-oxidation coloured by-products using an acclimatised mixed bacterial culture

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Mar;21(5):3891-906. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-2331-4. Epub 2013 Nov 29.

Abstract

This study focuses on the biodegradation of recalcitrant, coloured compounds resulting from auto-oxidation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) in a sequential facultative anaerobic-aerobic treatment system. A novel mixed bacterial culture, BAC-ZS, consisting of Brevibacillus panacihumi strain ZB1, Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain ZB2, and Enterococcus faecalis strain ZL bacteria were isolated from environmental samples. The acclimatisation of the mixed culture was carried out in an AO7 decolourised solution. The acclimatised mixed culture showed 98 % decolourisation within 2 h of facultative anaerobic treatment using yeast extract and glucose as co-substrate. Subsequent aerobic post treatment caused auto-oxidation reaction forming dark coloured compounds that reduced the percentage decolourisation to 73 %. Interestingly, further agitations of the mixed culture in the solution over a period of 48 h significantly decolourise the coloured compounds and increased the decolourisation percentage to 90 %. Analyses of the degradation compounds using UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed complete degradation of recalcitrant AO7 by the novel BAC-ZS. Phytotoxicity tests using Cucumis sativus confirmed the dye solution after post aerobic treatment were less toxic compared to the parent dye. The quantitative real-time PCR revealed that E. faecalis strain ZL was the dominant strain in the acclimatised mix culture.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aerobiosis
  • Anaerobiosis
  • Azo Compounds / metabolism*
  • Azo Compounds / toxicity
  • Bacillales / genetics
  • Bacillales / metabolism*
  • Base Sequence
  • Benzenesulfonates / metabolism*
  • Benzenesulfonates / toxicity
  • Biodegradation, Environmental
  • Coloring Agents / metabolism*
  • Coloring Agents / toxicity
  • Cucumis sativus / drug effects
  • Cucumis sativus / growth & development
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics
  • DNA, Ribosomal / genetics
  • Enterococcus faecalis / genetics
  • Enterococcus faecalis / metabolism*
  • Germination / drug effects
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Seeds / drug effects
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared

Substances

  • Azo Compounds
  • Benzenesulfonates
  • Coloring Agents
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • DNA, Ribosomal
  • 2-naphthol orange

Associated data

  • GENBANK/JF742761
  • GENBANK/JF742762