Skin-derived precursor Schwann cell myelination capacity in focal tibial demyelination

Muscle Nerve. 2014 Aug;50(2):262-72. doi: 10.1002/mus.24136. Epub 2014 May 15.

Abstract

Introduction: Skin-derived precursor cells (SKPs) are neural crest progenitor cells that can attain a Schwann cell-like phenotype through in vitro techniques (SKP-SCs). We hypothesized that SKP-SCs could produce mature myelin and, in doing so, facilitate the recovery of a focal demyelination injury.

Methods: We unilaterally injected DiI-labeled, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-producing SKP-SCs into the tibial nerves of 10 adult Lewis rats (with contralateral media control), 9 days after bilateral doxorubicin injury (0.38 μg). Tibial compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) were followed for 57 days. A separate morphometric cohort also included a Schwann cell injection group.

Results: SKP-injected nerves recovered fastest in terms of electrophysiology and morphometry. SKP-SCs formed morphologically mature myelin, accounting for 15.3 ± 5.3% of the total myelin in SKP-SC-injected nerves.

Conclusions: SKP-SCs are robustly capable of myelination. They improve the recovery of a focal tibial nerve demyelination model by myelinating a measured percentage of axons.

Keywords: myelination; peripheral nervous system; rat; regeneration; stem cell.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Action Potentials / physiology
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / toxicity
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Doxorubicin / toxicity
  • Evoked Potentials, Motor / physiology
  • Male
  • NAV1.6 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel / metabolism
  • Neurofilament Proteins / metabolism
  • Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / methods*
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy / chemically induced
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy / physiopathology
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy / surgery*
  • Ranvier's Nodes / pathology
  • Ranvier's Nodes / ultrastructure
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred Lew
  • Recovery of Function / drug effects
  • Recovery of Function / physiology
  • Schwann Cells / physiology*
  • Schwann Cells / ultrastructure
  • Skin / cytology*

Substances

  • Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
  • NAV1.6 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
  • Neurofilament Proteins
  • Scn8a protein, rat
  • Doxorubicin