Heart failure caused by congenital left-sided lesions

Heart Fail Clin. 2014 Jan;10(1):155-65. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2013.09.015.

Abstract

There are diverse mechanisms by which congenital left-sided cardiac lesions can precipitate heart failure. Left heart outflow obstruction can impose abnormal pressure load on the left ventricle, inducing adverse remodeling, hypertrophy, and diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Abnormalities in left ventricular inflow can increase pulmonary venous pressure and predisposing to pulmonary edema. In addition, inborn abnormalities in left ventricular myocardial structure and function can impair both systolic and diastolic function and manifest as heart failure later in life. In this article, the different mechanisms, outcomes, and treatments of heart failure in patients with congenital left-sided lesions are discussed.

Keywords: Bicuspid aortic valve; Coarctation; Cor triatriatum; Heart failure; Left ventricular noncompaction; Shone syndrome.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aorta* / abnormalities
  • Aorta* / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve* / abnormalities
  • Aortic Valve* / physiopathology
  • Disease Management
  • Heart Atria* / abnormalities
  • Heart Atria* / physiopathology
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / complications
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / diagnosis
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure* / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure* / etiology
  • Heart Failure* / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure* / therapy
  • Heart Ventricles* / abnormalities
  • Heart Ventricles* / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve* / abnormalities
  • Mitral Valve* / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / etiology
  • Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / etiology
  • Ventricular Remodeling