Trends in patch-test results and allergen changes in the standard series: a Mayo Clinic 5-year retrospective review (January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2010)

Abstract

Background: Patch testing is essential for identification of culprits causing allergic contact dermatitis.

Objective: We sought to identify trends and allergen changes in our standard series during 2006 to 2010, compared with our previous report (2001-2005).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patch-test results.

Results: A total of 3115 patients were tested with a mean of 73.0 allergens. Since our prior report, 8 allergens were added to the standard series; 14 were deleted. Significantly higher rates of allergic positive reaction were documented for carba mix, 3%, and Disperse Orange 3, 1%. Rates were lower for 10 allergens: neomycin sulfate, 20%; gold sodium thiosulfate, 0.5%; hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)triazine, 1%; disperse blue 124, 1%; disperse blue 106, 1%; diazolidinyl urea, 1%; hexylresorcinol, 0.25%; diazolidinyl urea, 1% aqueous; 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, 0.25%; and lidocaine, 5%. Many final patch-test readings for many allergens were categorized as mild reactions (erythema only). Overall allergenicity and irritancy rates declined significantly since our prior report. Results were generally comparable with those in a North American Contact Dermatitis Group report from 2005 to 2006.

Limitations: This was a retrospective study; there is a lack of long-term follow-up.

Conclusions: Since our previous report, our standard series composition has changed, and overall rates of allergenicity and irritancy have decreased. Notably, many final patch-test readings showed mild reactions.

Keywords: ACD; MCCDG; Mayo Clinic Contact Dermatitis Group; NACDG; North American Contact Dermatitis Group; allergens/diagnostic use; allergic contact dermatitis; allergic contact/diagnosis; allergic contact/etiology; dermatitis; patch tests/methods; retrospective studies.