Molecular diagnostics in the neoplasms of small intestine and appendix

Abstract

Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine is relatively rare in comparison to colorectal carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma of the small intestine arises through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in the colon. However, adenocarcinomas arising in the background of inflammatory bowel disease develop through the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. Most of the cases occur in the duodenum; however, adenocarcinoma occurring in association with Crohn disease is more common in the ileum.

Keywords: Appendix; BRAF; KRAS; Microsatellite instability; Small intestine.