Application of dsRNA in cancer immunotherapy: current status and future trends

Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2014 Feb;14(2):241-55. doi: 10.2174/18715206113136660373.

Abstract

Cancer cells create a microenvironment that prevents tumor rejection by the host's immune system. The activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) can elicit an innate immune response and guide the adaptive immune response to overcome this. dsRNA analogs can trigger TLR3, RIG-I, MDA5, NLRP3 and several other PRRs to induce not only robust immune response against cancer but also programmed cell death. This review focuses on the signal pathways activated by dsRNA and examines examples of their clinical application in cancer treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adaptive Immunity
  • Apoptosis
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Humans
  • Immune System / drug effects
  • Immune System / metabolism
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Immunotherapy / methods*
  • Immunotherapy / trends
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / metabolism
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / pharmacology
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / therapeutic use*
  • Receptors, Pattern Recognition / agonists
  • Receptors, Pattern Recognition / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Toll-Like Receptor 3 / metabolism

Substances

  • RNA, Double-Stranded
  • Receptors, Pattern Recognition
  • Toll-Like Receptor 3