Growth inhibitory effect of KYKZL-1 on Hep G2 cells via inhibition of AA metabolites and caspase-3 pathway and cell cycle arrest

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Jan 1;274(1):96-106. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.10.021. Epub 2013 Nov 2.

Abstract

KYKZL-1, a newly synthesized compound with COX/5-LOX dual inhibition, was subjected to the inhibitory activity test on Hep G2 growth. We found that KYKZL-1 inhibited the growth of Hep G2 cells via inducing apoptosis. Further studies showed that KYKZL-1 activated caspase-3 through cytochrome c release from mitochondria and down regulation of Bcl-2/Bax ratio and reduced the high level of COX-2 and 5-LOX. As shown in its anti-inflammatory effect, KYKZL-1 also exhibited inhibitory effect on the PGE2 and LTB4 production in Hep G2 cells. Accordingly, exogenous addition of PGE2 or LTB4 reversed the decreases in cell viability. In addition, KYKZL-1 caused cell cycle arrest at the S-G2 checkpoint via the activation of p21(CIP1) protein and down-regulation of cyclin A expression. These data indicate that the growth inhibitory effect of KYKZL-1 is associated with inhibition of AA metabolites and caspase-3 pathway and cell cycle arrest. Combined with our previous findings, KYKZL-1 exhibiting COX/5-LOX inhibition may be a promising potential agent not only for inflammation control but also for cancer prevention/therapy with an enhanced gastric safety profile.

Keywords: COX; Caspase; Cell cycle arrest; Inflammatory mediators; LOX; NSAIDs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Arachidonic Acid / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Arachidonic Acid / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / physiology
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Enzyme Activation / physiology
  • Growth Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Phenylpropionates / pharmacology*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Stilbenes / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Growth Inhibitors
  • KYKZL-1 compound
  • Phenylpropionates
  • Stilbenes
  • Arachidonic Acid
  • Caspase 3