The purpose is to report extensive emphysema resulting from a common procedure in oral surgery. Surgical emphysema developed in a 23-year-old female after removal of a mandible third molar using a high-speed dental hand-piece. The patient was maintained in hospital room and submitted to a medical protocol with antibiotic treatment. Surgical emphysema is an uncommon but potentially serious complication of oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of surgical emphysema are discussed and the management and prevention of this complication is presented. Adequately treatment with adequately instrument should be providing in oral surgery. Emphysema has complication in oral surgery is a rare condition with future clinical and legal problem to surgeon.
Keywords: Complications; emphysema; oral surgery.